Cancer ResearchSix Lifestyle Pillars That Improve Survival and Reduce Recurrence in Female Cancer Survivors
As the number of female cancer survivors in the U.S. continues to grow, understanding which lifestyle behaviors improve long-term outcomes has become critical. This review evaluated evidence across six lifestyle medicine pillars — nutrition, physical activity, sleep, stress management, substance avoidance, and social connection — in female cancer survivors. Physical activity emerged as the most broadly beneficial intervention, improving quality of life, cardiorespiratory fitness, mental health, sleep, and even survival. Cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness practices, including yoga, showed consistent benefits for sleep and mental health. Most pillars were associated with reduced mortality and recurrence in large observational studies. However, effective behavioral interventions remain underdeveloped for diet, alcohol and tobacco cessation, and social support, highlighting important gaps for future research and clinical practice.
