321 articles
Follow the fat into the liver, see how overload turns into injury and scarring, and learn why an older liver is more vulnerable and how clinicians stage and treat the disease.
Fatty liver disease affects roughly one in three adults and usually causes no symptoms. Learn how the liver ages, what MASLD is, and which habits and treatments help.
A molecular-level look at the creatine kinase equilibrium, mitochondrial coupling, what happens when phosphocreatine runs out, and how transporter biology sets the ceiling on supplementation.
Go beyond 'creatine fuels sprints' to the creatine kinase reaction, the phosphocreatine shuttle, how muscle takes up creatine, and what that means for dosing and lab results.
Learn how your muscles power the first few seconds of all-out effort, what creatine has to do with it, and how to use it sensibly.
Go below the pulse-and-feedback model to p53's target-gene choices, the mouse genetics behind the aging cost, and the clonal selection that lets a protective system seed later cancers. Includes an honest account of what is and isn't shown in humans.
p53 is wired as a fast feedback circuit whose timing, not just its level, decides a cell's fate. See how that wiring explains both cancer protection and the cost to aging tissues.
Meet p53, the protein that stops damaged cells from becoming cancer, and learn why too much of a good thing may speed up aging.
A mechanistic look at what sets VO2 max: cardiac filling, hemoglobin mass, muscle diffusion, and the PGC-1α signaling that rebuilds muscle. Includes how well the mortality evidence holds up.
Break VO2 max into its working parts: cardiac output, blood volume, and muscle extraction. See which part limits you, how training reshapes each one, and why the number alone doesn't predict race pace.
VO2 max is a measure of how much oxygen your body can use during hard effort, and it is one of the strongest fitness predictors of long-term health. Learn what it means, how to estimate yours, and how to raise it.
A mechanistic look at why selenoprotein synthesis is prioritized, why GPX4 depends on more than selenium, and why trial results hinge on baseline status and chemical form.
